Domesticated and widespread, they inhabit tropical, subtropical forests, and grasslands. Dependent on water, they wallow in rivers, mud holes, or wewas to stay cool and hydrated. Mud protects them from parasites. Social animals, they move in herds. Males leave the herd at 2-3 years, forming smaller bachelor herds. Water buffaloes are crucial for agriculture, used for plowing fields and transporting goods. Their dung is used as fertilizer and fuel. Conservation efforts focus on protecting wild populations and their habitats from encroachment and poaching.