In Sri Lanka, two endemic species of fan-throated lizard have been identified: Bahir’s fan-throated lizard (Sitana bahiri), found in the south-east, and Devaka’s fan-throated lizard (Sitana devakai), found in the north-west. These small to medium-sized lizards primarily feed on insects and can be distinguished by slight variations in morphology and colouration. Males have a prominent throat fan that displays bright colours during the breeding season, ranging from blue, black, and red to orange and blue, depending on the species. Outside this period, the colours fade or may completely disappear.